specify index

pkg/common/kv.go

@@ -36,14 +36,25 @@ func (s *SimpleKV) GetValue() interface{} {
 	return s.Value
 }
 
-// KVs will store SimpleKV collection as map
+// KVs interface
-type KVs struct {
+type KVs interface {
+	GetValueOr(key interface{}, defValue interface{}) interface{}
+	Contains(key interface{}) bool
+	IfContains(key interface{}, action func(value interface{})) KVs
+	Put(key interface{}, value interface{}) KVs
+	Clone() KVs
+}
+
+// SimpleKVs will store SimpleKV collection as map
+type SimpleKVs struct {
 	kvs map[interface{}]interface{}
 }
 
+var _ KVs = new(SimpleKVs)
+
 // GetValueOr returns the value for a given key, if non-existant
 // it returns defValue
-func (kvs *KVs) GetValueOr(key interface{}, defValue interface{}) interface{} {
+func (kvs *SimpleKVs) GetValueOr(key interface{}, defValue interface{}) interface{} {
 	v, ok := kvs.kvs[key]
 	if ok {
 		return v
@@ -52,13 +63,13 @@ func (kvs *KVs) GetValueOr(key interface{}, defValue interface{}) interface{} {
 }
 
 // Contains checks if a key exists
-func (kvs *KVs) Contains(key interface{}) bool {
+func (kvs *SimpleKVs) Contains(key interface{}) bool {
 	_, ok := kvs.kvs[key]
 	return ok
 }
 
 // IfContains invokes the action on a key if it exists
-func (kvs *KVs) IfContains(key interface{}, action func(value interface{})) *KVs {
+func (kvs *SimpleKVs) IfContains(key interface{}, action func(value interface{})) KVs {
 	v, ok := kvs.kvs[key]
 	if ok {
 		action(v)
@@ -67,14 +78,25 @@ func (kvs *KVs) IfContains(key interface{}, action func(value interface{})) *KVs
 }
 
 // Put stores the value
-func (kvs *KVs) Put(key interface{}, value interface{}) *KVs {
+func (kvs *SimpleKVs) Put(key interface{}, value interface{}) KVs {
 	kvs.kvs[key] = value
 	return kvs
 }
 
+// Clone
+func (kvs *SimpleKVs) Clone() KVs {
+	newKVs := new(SimpleKVs)
+
+	for key, value := range kvs.kvs {
+		newKVs.Put(key, value)
+	}
+
+	return newKVs
+}
+
 // NewKVs creates the *KVs instance
-func NewKVs(kvs ...KV) *KVs {
+func NewKVs(kvs ...KV) KVs {
-	res := &KVs{
+	res := &SimpleKVs{
 		kvs: make(map[interface{}]interface{}, len(kvs)),
 	}
 	for _, kv := range kvs {

pkg/orm/db.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -738,8 +739,10 @@ func (d *dbBase) UpdateBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Con
 	}
 
 	tables := newDbTables(mi, d.ins)
+	var specifyIndexes string
 	if qs != nil {
 		tables.parseRelated(qs.related, qs.relDepth)
+		specifyIndexes = tables.getIndexSql(mi.table, qs.useIndex, qs.indexes)
 	}
 
 	where, args := tables.getCondSQL(cond, false, tz)
@@ -790,9 +793,12 @@ func (d *dbBase) UpdateBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Con
 	sets := strings.Join(cols, ", ") + " "
 
 	if d.ins.SupportUpdateJoin() {
-		query = fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %s%s%s T0 %sSET %s%s", Q, mi.table, Q, join, sets, where)
+		query = fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %s%s%s T0 %s%sSET %s%s", Q, mi.table, Q, specifyIndexes, join, sets, where)
 	} else {
-		supQuery := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT T0.%s%s%s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s", Q, mi.fields.pk.column, Q, Q, mi.table, Q, join, where)
+		supQuery := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT T0.%s%s%s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s",
+			Q, mi.fields.pk.column, Q,
+			Q, mi.table, Q,
+			specifyIndexes, join, where)
 		query = fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %s%s%s SET %sWHERE %s%s%s IN ( %s )", Q, mi.table, Q, sets, Q, mi.fields.pk.column, Q, supQuery)
 	}
 
@@ -843,8 +849,10 @@ func (d *dbBase) DeleteBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Con
 	tables := newDbTables(mi, d.ins)
 	tables.skipEnd = true
 
+	var specifyIndexes string
 	if qs != nil {
 		tables.parseRelated(qs.related, qs.relDepth)
+		specifyIndexes = tables.getIndexSql(mi.table, qs.useIndex, qs.indexes)
 	}
 
 	if cond == nil || cond.IsEmpty() {
@@ -857,7 +865,7 @@ func (d *dbBase) DeleteBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Con
 	join := tables.getJoinSQL()
 
 	cols := fmt.Sprintf("T0.%s%s%s", Q, mi.fields.pk.column, Q)
-	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT %s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s", cols, Q, mi.table, Q, join, where)
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT %s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s", cols, Q, mi.table, Q, specifyIndexes, join, where)
 
 	d.ins.ReplaceMarks(&query)
 
@@ -1002,6 +1010,7 @@ func (d *dbBase) ReadBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Condi
 	orderBy := tables.getOrderSQL(qs.orders)
 	limit := tables.getLimitSQL(mi, offset, rlimit)
 	join := tables.getJoinSQL()
+	specifyIndexes := tables.getIndexSql(mi.table, qs.useIndex, qs.indexes)
 
 	for _, tbl := range tables.tables {
 		if tbl.sel {
@@ -1015,9 +1024,11 @@ func (d *dbBase) ReadBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Condi
 	if qs.distinct {
 		sqlSelect += " DISTINCT"
 	}
-	query := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s%s%s", sqlSelect, sels, Q, mi.table, Q, join, where, groupBy, orderBy, limit)
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s%s%s%s",
+		sqlSelect, sels, Q, mi.table, Q,
+		specifyIndexes, join, where, groupBy, orderBy, limit)
 
-	if qs.forupdate {
+	if qs.forUpdate {
 		query += " FOR UPDATE"
 	}
 
@@ -1153,10 +1164,13 @@ func (d *dbBase) Count(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Condition
 	groupBy := tables.getGroupSQL(qs.groups)
 	tables.getOrderSQL(qs.orders)
 	join := tables.getJoinSQL()
+	specifyIndexes := tables.getIndexSql(mi.table, qs.useIndex, qs.indexes)
 
 	Q := d.ins.TableQuote()
 
-	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s", Q, mi.table, Q, join, where, groupBy)
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s%s",
+		Q, mi.table, Q,
+		specifyIndexes, join, where, groupBy)
 
 	if groupBy != "" {
 		query = fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (%s) AS T", query)
@@ -1680,6 +1694,7 @@ func (d *dbBase) ReadValues(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Cond
 	orderBy := tables.getOrderSQL(qs.orders)
 	limit := tables.getLimitSQL(mi, qs.offset, qs.limit)
 	join := tables.getJoinSQL()
+	specifyIndexes := tables.getIndexSql(mi.table, qs.useIndex, qs.indexes)
 
 	sels := strings.Join(cols, ", ")
 
@@ -1687,7 +1702,10 @@ func (d *dbBase) ReadValues(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Cond
 	if qs.distinct {
 		sqlSelect += " DISTINCT"
 	}
-	query := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s%s%s", sqlSelect, sels, Q, mi.table, Q, join, where, groupBy, orderBy, limit)
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s FROM %s%s%s T0 %s%s%s%s%s%s",
+		sqlSelect, sels,
+		Q, mi.table, Q,
+		specifyIndexes, join, where, groupBy, orderBy, limit)
 
 	d.ins.ReplaceMarks(&query)
 
@@ -1781,10 +1799,6 @@ func (d *dbBase) ReadValues(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Cond
 	return cnt, nil
 }
 
-func (d *dbBase) RowsTo(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, interface{}, string, string, *time.Location) (int64, error) {
-	return 0, nil
-}
-
 // flag of update joined record.
 func (d *dbBase) SupportUpdateJoin() bool {
 	return true
@@ -1900,3 +1914,31 @@ func (d *dbBase) ShowColumnsQuery(table string) string {
 func (d *dbBase) IndexExists(dbQuerier, string, string) bool {
 	panic(ErrNotImplement)
 }
+
+// GenerateSpecifyIndex return a specifying index clause
+func (d *dbBase) GenerateSpecifyIndex(tableName string, useIndex int, indexes []string) string {
+	var s []string
+	Q := d.TableQuote()
+	for _, index := range indexes {
+		tmp := fmt.Sprintf(`%s%s%s`, Q, index, Q)
+		s = append(s, tmp)
+	}
+
+	var useWay string
+
+	switch useIndex {
+	case hints.KeyUseIndex:
+		useWay = `USE`
+	case hints.KeyForceIndex:
+		useWay = `FORCE`
+	case hints.KeyIgnoreIndex:
+		useWay = `IGNORE`
+	default:
+		DebugLog.Println("[WARN] Not a valid specifying action, so that action is ignored")
+		return ``
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf(` %s INDEX(%s) `, useWay, strings.Join(s, `,`))
+}
+
+

pkg/orm/db_alias.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -363,7 +364,7 @@ func newAliasWithDb(aliasName, driverName string, db *sql.DB, params ...common.K
 	var stmtCache *lru.Cache
 	var stmtCacheSize int
 
-	maxStmtCacheSize := kvs.GetValueOr(maxStmtCacheSizeKey, 0).(int)
+	maxStmtCacheSize := kvs.GetValueOr(hints.KeyMaxStmtCacheSize, 0).(int)
 	if maxStmtCacheSize > 0 {
 		_stmtCache, errC := newStmtDecoratorLruWithEvict(maxStmtCacheSize)
 		if errC != nil {
@@ -398,15 +399,15 @@ func newAliasWithDb(aliasName, driverName string, db *sql.DB, params ...common.K
 
 	detectTZ(al)
 
-	kvs.IfContains(maxIdleConnectionsKey, func(value interface{}) {
+	kvs.IfContains(hints.KeyMaxIdleConnections, func(value interface{}) {
 		if m, ok := value.(int); ok {
 			SetMaxIdleConns(al, m)
 		}
-	}).IfContains(maxOpenConnectionsKey, func(value interface{}) {
+	}).IfContains(hints.KeyMaxOpenConnections, func(value interface{}) {
 		if m, ok := value.(int); ok {
 			SetMaxOpenConns(al, m)
 		}
-	}).IfContains(connMaxLifetimeKey, func(value interface{}) {
+	}).IfContains(hints.KeyConnMaxLifetime, func(value interface{}) {
 		if m, ok := value.(time.Duration); ok {
 			SetConnMaxLifetime(al, m)
 		}
@@ -422,7 +423,7 @@ func AddAliasWthDB(aliasName, driverName string, db *sql.DB, params ...common.KV
 }
 
 // RegisterDataBase Setting the database connect params. Use the database driver self dataSource args.
-func RegisterDataBase(aliasName, driverName, dataSource string, hints ...common.KV) error {
+func RegisterDataBase(aliasName, driverName, dataSource string, params ...common.KV) error {
 	var (
 		err error
 		db  *sql.DB
@@ -436,7 +437,7 @@ func RegisterDataBase(aliasName, driverName, dataSource string, hints ...common.
 		goto end
 	}
 
-	al, err = addAliasWthDB(aliasName, driverName, db, hints...)
+	al, err = addAliasWthDB(aliasName, driverName, db, params...)
 	if err != nil {
 		goto end
 	}

pkg/orm/db_alias_test.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 package orm
 
 import (
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -23,9 +24,9 @@ import (
 
 func TestRegisterDataBase(t *testing.T) {
 	err := RegisterDataBase("test-params", DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source,
-		MaxIdleConnections(20),
+		hints.MaxIdleConnections(20),
-		MaxOpenConnections(300),
+		hints.MaxOpenConnections(300),
-		ConnMaxLifetime(time.Minute))
+		hints.ConnMaxLifetime(time.Minute))
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 
 	al := getDbAlias("test-params")
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ func TestRegisterDataBase(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSizeNegative1(t *testing.T) {
 	aliasName := "TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSizeNegative1"
-	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, MaxStmtCacheSize(-1))
+	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, hints.MaxStmtCacheSize(-1))
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 
 	al := getDbAlias(aliasName)
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSizeNegative1(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize0(t *testing.T) {
 	aliasName := "TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize0"
-	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, MaxStmtCacheSize(0))
+	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, hints.MaxStmtCacheSize(0))
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 
 	al := getDbAlias(aliasName)
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize0(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize1(t *testing.T) {
 	aliasName := "TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize1"
-	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, MaxStmtCacheSize(1))
+	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, hints.MaxStmtCacheSize(1))
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 
 	al := getDbAlias(aliasName)
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize1(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize841(t *testing.T) {
 	aliasName := "TestRegisterDataBase_MaxStmtCacheSize841"
-	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, MaxStmtCacheSize(841))
+	err := RegisterDataBase(aliasName, DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, hints.MaxStmtCacheSize(841))
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 
 	al := getDbAlias(aliasName)

pkg/orm/db_hints_test.go

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 beego-dev
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package orm
-
-import (
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-)
-
-func TestNewHint_time(t *testing.T) {
-	key := "qweqwe"
-	value := time.Second
-	hint := NewHint(key, value)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), key)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), value)
-}
-
-func TestNewHint_int(t *testing.T) {
-	key := "qweqwe"
-	value := 281230
-	hint := NewHint(key, value)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), key)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), value)
-}
-
-func TestNewHint_float(t *testing.T) {
-	key := "qweqwe"
-	value := 21.2459753
-	hint := NewHint(key, value)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), key)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), value)
-}
-
-func TestMaxOpenConnections(t *testing.T) {
-	i := 887423
-	hint := MaxOpenConnections(i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), maxOpenConnectionsKey)
-}
-
-func TestConnMaxLifetime(t *testing.T) {
-	i := time.Hour
-	hint := ConnMaxLifetime(i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), connMaxLifetimeKey)
-}
-
-func TestMaxIdleConnections(t *testing.T) {
-	i := 42316
-	hint := MaxIdleConnections(i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), maxIdleConnectionsKey)
-}
-
-func TestMaxStmtCacheSize(t *testing.T) {
-	i := 94157
-	hint := MaxStmtCacheSize(i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
-	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), maxStmtCacheSizeKey)
-}

pkg/orm/db_oracle.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ package orm
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -96,6 +97,29 @@ func (d *dbBaseOracle) IndexExists(db dbQuerier, table string, name string) bool
 	return cnt > 0
 }
 
+func (d *dbBaseOracle) GenerateSpecifyIndex(tableName string, useIndex int, indexes []string) string {
+	var s []string
+	Q := d.TableQuote()
+	for _, index := range indexes {
+		tmp := fmt.Sprintf(`%s%s%s`, Q, index, Q)
+		s = append(s, tmp)
+	}
+
+	var hint string
+
+	switch useIndex {
+	case hints.KeyUseIndex, hints.KeyForceIndex:
+		hint = `INDEX`
+	case hints.KeyIgnoreIndex:
+		hint = `NO_INDEX`
+	default:
+		DebugLog.Println("[WARN] Not a valid specifying action, so that action is ignored")
+		return ``
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf(` /*+ %s(%s %s)*/ `, hint, tableName, strings.Join(s, `,`))
+}
+
 // execute insert sql with given struct and given values.
 // insert the given values, not the field values in struct.
 func (d *dbBaseOracle) InsertValue(q dbQuerier, mi *modelInfo, isMulti bool, names []string, values []interface{}) (int64, error) {

pkg/orm/db_postgres.go

@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ func (d *dbBasePostgres) MaxLimit() uint64 {
 	return 0
 }
 
+
 // postgresql quote is ".
 func (d *dbBasePostgres) TableQuote() string {
 	return `"`
@@ -181,6 +182,12 @@ func (d *dbBasePostgres) IndexExists(db dbQuerier, table string, name string) bo
 	return cnt > 0
 }
 
+// GenerateSpecifyIndex return a specifying index clause
+func (d *dbBasePostgres) GenerateSpecifyIndex(tableName string, useIndex int, indexes []string) string {
+	DebugLog.Println("[WARN] Not support any specifying index action, so that action is ignored")
+	return ``
+}
+
 // create new postgresql dbBaser.
 func newdbBasePostgres() dbBaser {
 	b := new(dbBasePostgres)

pkg/orm/db_sqlite.go

@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@ package orm
 import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"reflect"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 )
 
@@ -153,6 +155,25 @@ func (d *dbBaseSqlite) IndexExists(db dbQuerier, table string, name string) bool
 	return false
 }
 
+// GenerateSpecifyIndex return a specifying index clause
+func (d *dbBaseSqlite) GenerateSpecifyIndex(tableName string, useIndex int, indexes []string) string {
+	var s []string
+	Q := d.TableQuote()
+	for _, index := range indexes {
+		tmp := fmt.Sprintf(`%s%s%s`, Q, index, Q)
+		s = append(s, tmp)
+	}
+
+	switch useIndex {
+	case hints.KeyUseIndex, hints.KeyForceIndex:
+		return fmt.Sprintf(` INDEXED BY %s `, strings.Join(s, `,`))
+	default:
+		DebugLog.Println("[WARN] Not a valid specifying action, so that action is ignored")
+		return ``
+	}
+}
+
+
 // create new sqlite dbBaser.
 func newdbBaseSqlite() dbBaser {
 	b := new(dbBaseSqlite)

pkg/orm/db_tables.go

@@ -472,6 +472,15 @@ func (t *dbTables) getLimitSQL(mi *modelInfo, offset int64, limit int64) (limits
 	return
 }
 
+// getIndexSql generate index sql.
+func (t *dbTables) getIndexSql(tableName string,useIndex int, indexes []string) (clause string) {
+	if len(indexes) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	return t.base.GenerateSpecifyIndex(tableName, useIndex, indexes)
+}
+
 // crete new tables collection.
 func newDbTables(mi *modelInfo, base dbBaser) *dbTables {
 	tables := &dbTables{}

pkg/orm/do_nothing_orm.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package orm
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/common"
 )
 
 // DoNothingOrm won't do anything, usually you use this to custom your mock Ormer implementation
@@ -52,11 +53,11 @@ func (d *DoNothingOrm) ReadOrCreateWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{},
 	return false, 0, nil
 }
 
-func (d *DoNothingOrm) LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
+func (d *DoNothingOrm) LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string,  args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
 	return 0, nil
 }
 
-func (d *DoNothingOrm) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
+func (d *DoNothingOrm) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string,  args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
 	return 0, nil
 }
 

pkg/orm/filter_orm_decorator.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package orm
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/common"
 	"reflect"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -133,11 +134,11 @@ func (f *filterOrmDecorator) ReadOrCreateWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interfa
 	return ok, res, err
 }
 
-func (f *filterOrmDecorator) LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
+func (f *filterOrmDecorator) LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
 	return f.LoadRelatedWithCtx(context.Background(), md, name, args...)
 }
 
-func (f *filterOrmDecorator) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
+func (f *filterOrmDecorator) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
 	var (
 		res int64
 		err error

pkg/orm/filter_orm_decorator_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/common"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -360,7 +361,7 @@ func (f *filterMockOrm) ReadForUpdateWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}
 	return errors.New("read for update error")
 }
 
-func (f *filterMockOrm) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
+func (f *filterMockOrm) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
 	return 99, errors.New("load related error")
 }
 

pkg/orm/hints/db_hints.go

@@ -12,13 +12,31 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-package orm
+package hints
 
 import (
 	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/common"
 	"time"
 )
 
+const (
+	//db level
+	KeyMaxIdleConnections = iota
+	KeyMaxOpenConnections
+	KeyConnMaxLifetime
+	KeyMaxStmtCacheSize
+
+	//query level
+	KeyForceIndex
+	KeyUseIndex
+	KeyIgnoreIndex
+	KeyForUpdate
+	KeyLimit
+	KeyOffset
+	KeyOrderBy
+	KeyRelDepth
+)
+
 type Hint struct {
 	key   interface{}
 	value interface{}
@@ -36,33 +54,71 @@ func (s *Hint) GetValue() interface{} {
 	return s.value
 }
 
-const (
-	maxIdleConnectionsKey = "MaxIdleConnections"
-	maxOpenConnectionsKey = "MaxOpenConnections"
-	connMaxLifetimeKey    = "ConnMaxLifetime"
-	maxStmtCacheSizeKey   = "MaxStmtCacheSize"
-)
-
 var _ common.KV = new(Hint)
 
 // MaxIdleConnections return a hint about MaxIdleConnections
 func MaxIdleConnections(v int) *Hint {
-	return NewHint(maxIdleConnectionsKey, v)
+	return NewHint(KeyMaxIdleConnections, v)
 }
 
 // MaxOpenConnections return a hint about MaxOpenConnections
 func MaxOpenConnections(v int) *Hint {
-	return NewHint(maxOpenConnectionsKey, v)
+	return NewHint(KeyMaxOpenConnections, v)
 }
 
 // ConnMaxLifetime return a hint about ConnMaxLifetime
 func ConnMaxLifetime(v time.Duration) *Hint {
-	return NewHint(connMaxLifetimeKey, v)
+	return NewHint(KeyConnMaxLifetime, v)
 }
 
 // MaxStmtCacheSize return a hint about MaxStmtCacheSize
 func MaxStmtCacheSize(v int) *Hint {
-	return NewHint(maxStmtCacheSizeKey, v)
+	return NewHint(KeyMaxStmtCacheSize, v)
+}
+
+// ForceIndex return a hint about ForceIndex
+func ForceIndex(indexes ...string) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyForceIndex, indexes)
+}
+
+// UseIndex return a hint about UseIndex
+func UseIndex(indexes ...string) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyUseIndex, indexes)
+}
+
+// IgnoreIndex return a hint about IgnoreIndex
+func IgnoreIndex(indexes ...string) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyIgnoreIndex, indexes)
+}
+
+// ForUpdate return a hint about ForUpdate
+func ForUpdate() *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyForUpdate, true)
+}
+
+// DefaultRelDepth return a hint about DefaultRelDepth
+func DefaultRelDepth() *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyRelDepth, true)
+}
+
+// RelDepth return a hint about RelDepth
+func RelDepth(d int) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyRelDepth, d)
+}
+
+// Limit return a hint about Limit
+func Limit(d int64) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyLimit, d)
+}
+
+// Offset return a hint about Offset
+func Offset(d int64) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyOffset, d)
+}
+
+// OrderBy return a hint about OrderBy
+func OrderBy(s string) *Hint {
+	return NewHint(KeyOrderBy, s)
 }
 
 // NewHint return a hint

pkg/orm/hints/db_hints_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+// Copyright 2020 beego-dev
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package hints
+
+import (
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewHint_time(t *testing.T) {
+	key := "qweqwe"
+	value := time.Second
+	hint := NewHint(key, value)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), key)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), value)
+}
+
+func TestNewHint_int(t *testing.T) {
+	key := "qweqwe"
+	value := 281230
+	hint := NewHint(key, value)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), key)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), value)
+}
+
+func TestNewHint_float(t *testing.T) {
+	key := "qweqwe"
+	value := 21.2459753
+	hint := NewHint(key, value)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), key)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), value)
+}
+
+func TestMaxOpenConnections(t *testing.T) {
+	i := 887423
+	hint := MaxOpenConnections(i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyMaxOpenConnections)
+}
+
+func TestConnMaxLifetime(t *testing.T) {
+	i := time.Hour
+	hint := ConnMaxLifetime(i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyConnMaxLifetime)
+}
+
+func TestMaxIdleConnections(t *testing.T) {
+	i := 42316
+	hint := MaxIdleConnections(i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyMaxIdleConnections)
+}
+
+func TestMaxStmtCacheSize(t *testing.T) {
+	i := 94157
+	hint := MaxStmtCacheSize(i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), i)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyMaxStmtCacheSize)
+}
+
+func TestForceIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	s := []string{`f_index1`, `f_index2`, `f_index3`}
+	hint := ForceIndex(s...)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), s)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyForceIndex)
+}
+
+func TestForceIndex_0(t *testing.T) {
+	var s []string
+	hint := ForceIndex(s...)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), s)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyForceIndex)
+}
+
+func TestIgnoreIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	s := []string{`i_index1`, `i_index2`, `i_index3`}
+	hint := IgnoreIndex(s...)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), s)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyIgnoreIndex)
+}
+
+func TestIgnoreIndex_0(t *testing.T) {
+	var s []string
+	hint := IgnoreIndex(s...)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), s)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyIgnoreIndex)
+}
+
+func TestUseIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	s := []string{`u_index1`, `u_index2`, `u_index3`}
+	hint := UseIndex(s...)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), s)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyUseIndex)
+}
+
+func TestUseIndex_0(t *testing.T) {
+	var s []string
+	hint := UseIndex(s...)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), s)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyUseIndex)
+}
+
+func TestForUpdate(t *testing.T) {
+	hint := ForUpdate()
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), true)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyForUpdate)
+}
+
+func TestDefaultRelDepth(t *testing.T) {
+	hint := DefaultRelDepth()
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), true)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyRelDepth)
+}
+
+func TestRelDepth(t *testing.T) {
+	hint := RelDepth(157965)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), 157965)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyRelDepth)
+}
+
+func TestLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	hint := Limit(1579625)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), int64(1579625))
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyLimit)
+}
+
+func TestOffset(t *testing.T) {
+	hint := Offset(int64(1572123965))
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), int64(1572123965))
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyOffset)
+}
+
+func TestOrderBy(t *testing.T) {
+	hint := OrderBy(`-ID`)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetValue(), `-ID`)
+	assert.Equal(t, hint.GetKey(), KeyOrderBy)
+}

pkg/orm/models_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -488,7 +489,7 @@ func init() {
 		os.Exit(2)
 	}
 
-	err := RegisterDataBase("default", DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, MaxIdleConnections(20))
+	err := RegisterDataBase("default", DBARGS.Driver, DBARGS.Source, hints.MaxIdleConnections(20))
 
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(fmt.Sprintf("can not register database: %v", err))

pkg/orm/orm.go

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/common"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"time"
@@ -99,6 +100,7 @@ type ormBase struct {
 
 var _ DQL = new(ormBase)
 var _ DML = new(ormBase)
+var _ DriverGetter = new(ormBase)
 
 // get model info and model reflect value
 func (o *ormBase) getMiInd(md interface{}, needPtr bool) (mi *modelInfo, ind reflect.Value) {
@@ -302,11 +304,10 @@ func (o *ormBase) QueryM2MWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name stri
 // 	for _,tag := range post.Tags{...}
 //
 // make sure the relation is defined in model struct tags.
-func (o *ormBase) LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
+func (o *ormBase) LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
 	return o.LoadRelatedWithCtx(context.Background(), md, name, args...)
 }
-
+func (o *ormBase) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error) {
-func (o *ormBase) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
 	_, fi, ind, qseter := o.queryRelated(md, name)
 
 	qs := qseter.(*querySet)
@@ -314,24 +315,29 @@ func (o *ormBase) LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name s
 	var relDepth int
 	var limit, offset int64
 	var order string
-	for i, arg := range args {
+
-		switch i {
+	kvs := common.NewKVs(args...)
-		case 0:
+	kvs.IfContains(hints.KeyRelDepth, func(value interface{}) {
-			if v, ok := arg.(bool); ok {
+		if v, ok := value.(bool); ok {
-				if v {
+			if v {
-					relDepth = DefaultRelsDepth
+				relDepth = DefaultRelsDepth
-				}
-			} else if v, ok := arg.(int); ok {
-				relDepth = v
 			}
-		case 1:
+		} else if v, ok := value.(int); ok {
-			limit = ToInt64(arg)
+			relDepth = v
-		case 2:
-			offset = ToInt64(arg)
-		case 3:
-			order, _ = arg.(string)
 		}
-	}
+	}).IfContains(hints.KeyLimit, func(value interface{}) {
+		if v, ok := value.(int64); ok {
+			limit = v
+		}
+	}).IfContains(hints.KeyOffset, func(value interface{}) {
+		if v, ok := value.(int64); ok {
+			offset = v
+		}
+	}).IfContains(hints.KeyOrderBy, func(value interface{}) {
+		if v, ok := value.(string); ok {
+			order = v
+		}
+	})
 
 	switch fi.fieldType {
 	case RelOneToOne, RelForeignKey, RelReverseOne:

pkg/orm/orm_log.go

@@ -127,10 +127,7 @@ var _ txer = new(dbQueryLog)
 var _ txEnder = new(dbQueryLog)
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) Prepare(query string) (*sql.Stmt, error) {
-	a := time.Now()
+	return d.PrepareContext(context.Background(), query)
-	stmt, err := d.db.Prepare(query)
-	debugLogQueies(d.alias, "db.Prepare", query, a, err)
-	return stmt, err
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (*sql.Stmt, error) {
@@ -141,10 +138,7 @@ func (d *dbQueryLog) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (*sql.Stm
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) Exec(query string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
-	a := time.Now()
+	return d.ExecContext(context.Background(), query, args...)
-	res, err := d.db.Exec(query, args...)
-	debugLogQueies(d.alias, "db.Exec", query, a, err, args...)
-	return res, err
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
@@ -155,10 +149,7 @@ func (d *dbQueryLog) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...inte
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) Query(query string, args ...interface{}) (*sql.Rows, error) {
-	a := time.Now()
+	return d.QueryContext(context.Background(), query, args...)
-	res, err := d.db.Query(query, args...)
-	debugLogQueies(d.alias, "db.Query", query, a, err, args...)
-	return res, err
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) (*sql.Rows, error) {
@@ -169,10 +160,7 @@ func (d *dbQueryLog) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...int
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) QueryRow(query string, args ...interface{}) *sql.Row {
-	a := time.Now()
+	return d.QueryRowContext(context.Background(), query, args...)
-	res := d.db.QueryRow(query, args...)
-	debugLogQueies(d.alias, "db.QueryRow", query, a, nil, args...)
-	return res
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) QueryRowContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...interface{}) *sql.Row {
@@ -183,10 +171,7 @@ func (d *dbQueryLog) QueryRowContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) Begin() (*sql.Tx, error) {
-	a := time.Now()
+	return d.BeginTx(context.Background(), nil)
-	tx, err := d.db.(txer).Begin()
-	debugLogQueies(d.alias, "db.Begin", "START TRANSACTION", a, err)
-	return tx, err
 }
 
 func (d *dbQueryLog) BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opts *sql.TxOptions) (*sql.Tx, error) {

pkg/orm/orm_queryset.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package orm
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 )
 
 type colValue struct {
@@ -71,7 +72,9 @@ type querySet struct {
 	groups     []string
 	orders     []string
 	distinct   bool
-	forupdate  bool
+	forUpdate  bool
+	useIndex   int
+	indexes    []string
 	orm        *ormBase
 	ctx        context.Context
 	forContext bool
@@ -148,7 +151,28 @@ func (o querySet) Distinct() QuerySeter {
 
 // add FOR UPDATE to SELECT
 func (o querySet) ForUpdate() QuerySeter {
-	o.forupdate = true
+	o.forUpdate = true
+	return &o
+}
+
+// ForceIndex force index for query
+func (o querySet) ForceIndex(indexes ...string) QuerySeter {
+	o.useIndex = hints.KeyForceIndex
+	o.indexes = indexes
+	return &o
+}
+
+// UseIndex use index for query
+func (o querySet) UseIndex(indexes ...string) QuerySeter {
+	o.useIndex = hints.KeyUseIndex
+	o.indexes = indexes
+	return &o
+}
+
+// IgnoreIndex ignore index for query
+func (o querySet) IgnoreIndex(indexes ...string) QuerySeter {
+	o.useIndex = hints.KeyIgnoreIndex
+	o.indexes = indexes
 	return &o
 }
 

pkg/orm/orm_test.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/orm/hints"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"math"
 	"os"
@@ -1279,24 +1280,32 @@ func TestLoadRelated(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(user.Posts), 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(user.Posts[0].User.ID, 3))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts", true)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts", hints.DefaultRelDepth())
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(user.Posts), 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(user.Posts[0].User.UserName, "astaxie"))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts", true, 1)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts",
+		hints.DefaultRelDepth(),
+		hints.Limit(1))
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 1))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(user.Posts), 1))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts", true, 0, 0, "-Id")
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts",
+		hints.DefaultRelDepth(),
+		hints.OrderBy("-Id"))
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(user.Posts), 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(user.Posts[0].Title, "Formatting"))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts", true, 1, 1, "Id")
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Posts",
+		hints.DefaultRelDepth(),
+		hints.Limit(1),
+		hints.Offset(1),
+		hints.OrderBy("Id"))
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 1))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(user.Posts), 1))
@@ -1318,7 +1327,7 @@ func TestLoadRelated(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(profile.User == nil, false))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(profile.User.UserName, "astaxie"))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&profile, "User", true)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&profile, "User", hints.DefaultRelDepth())
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 1))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(profile.User == nil, false))
@@ -1335,7 +1344,7 @@ func TestLoadRelated(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(user.Profile == nil, false))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(user.Profile.Age, 30))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Profile", true)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&user, "Profile", hints.DefaultRelDepth())
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 1))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(user.Profile == nil, false))
@@ -1355,7 +1364,7 @@ func TestLoadRelated(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(post.User == nil, false))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(post.User.UserName, "astaxie"))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&post, "User", true)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&post, "User", hints.DefaultRelDepth())
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 1))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(post.User == nil, false))
@@ -1375,7 +1384,7 @@ func TestLoadRelated(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(post.Tags), 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(post.Tags[0].Name, "golang"))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&post, "Tags", true)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&post, "Tags", hints.DefaultRelDepth())
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(post.Tags), 2))
@@ -1396,7 +1405,7 @@ func TestLoadRelated(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(tag.Posts[0].User.ID, 2))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(tag.Posts[0].User.Profile == nil, true))
 
-	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&tag, "Posts", true)
+	num, err = dORM.LoadRelated(&tag, "Posts", hints.DefaultRelDepth())
 	throwFailNow(t, err)
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 3))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(tag.Posts[0].Title, "Introduction"))

pkg/orm/types.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package orm
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
+	"github.com/astaxie/beego/pkg/common"
 	"reflect"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -175,14 +176,14 @@ type DQL interface {
 	// example:
 	// 	Ormer.LoadRelated(post,"Tags")
 	// 	for _,tag := range post.Tags{...}
-	// args[0] bool true useDefaultRelsDepth ; false  depth 0
+	// hints.DefaultRelDepth useDefaultRelsDepth ; or depth 0
-	// args[0] int  loadRelationDepth
+	// hints.RelDepth loadRelationDepth
-	// args[1] int limit default limit 1000
+	// hints.Limit limit default limit 1000
-	// args[2] int offset default offset 0
+	// hints.Offset int offset default offset 0
-	// args[3] string order  for example : "-Id"
+	// hints.OrderBy string order  for example : "-Id"
 	// make sure the relation is defined in model struct tags.
-	LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error)
+	LoadRelated(md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error)
-	LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...interface{}) (int64, error)
+	LoadRelatedWithCtx(ctx context.Context, md interface{}, name string, args ...common.KV) (int64, error)
 
 	// create a models to models queryer
 	// for example:
@@ -282,6 +283,21 @@ type QuerySeter interface {
 	// for example:
 	//	qs.OrderBy("-status")
 	OrderBy(exprs ...string) QuerySeter
+	// add FORCE INDEX expression.
+	// for example:
+	//	qs.ForceIndex(`idx_name1`,`idx_name2`)
+	// ForceIndex, UseIndex , IgnoreIndex are mutually exclusive
+	ForceIndex(indexes ...string) QuerySeter
+	// add USE INDEX expression.
+	// for example:
+	//	qs.UseIndex(`idx_name1`,`idx_name2`)
+	// ForceIndex, UseIndex , IgnoreIndex are mutually exclusive
+	UseIndex(indexes ...string) QuerySeter
+	// add IGNORE INDEX expression.
+	// for example:
+	//	qs.IgnoreIndex(`idx_name1`,`idx_name2`)
+	// ForceIndex, UseIndex , IgnoreIndex are mutually exclusive
+	IgnoreIndex(indexes ...string) QuerySeter
 	// set relation model to query together.
 	// it will query relation models and assign to parent model.
 	// for example:
@@ -527,24 +543,27 @@ type txEnder interface {
 // base database struct
 type dbBaser interface {
 	Read(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *time.Location, []string, bool) error
+	ReadBatch(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, interface{}, *time.Location, []string) (int64, error)
+	Count(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, *time.Location) (int64, error)
+	ReadValues(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, []string, interface{}, *time.Location) (int64, error)
+
 	Insert(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *time.Location) (int64, error)
 	InsertOrUpdate(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *alias, ...string) (int64, error)
 	InsertMulti(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, int, *time.Location) (int64, error)
 	InsertValue(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, bool, []string, []interface{}) (int64, error)
 	InsertStmt(stmtQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *time.Location) (int64, error)
+
 	Update(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *time.Location, []string) (int64, error)
-	Delete(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *time.Location, []string) (int64, error)
-	ReadBatch(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, interface{}, *time.Location, []string) (int64, error)
-	SupportUpdateJoin() bool
 	UpdateBatch(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, Params, *time.Location) (int64, error)
+
+	Delete(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, reflect.Value, *time.Location, []string) (int64, error)
 	DeleteBatch(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, *time.Location) (int64, error)
-	Count(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, *time.Location) (int64, error)
+
+	SupportUpdateJoin() bool
 	OperatorSQL(string) string
 	GenerateOperatorSQL(*modelInfo, *fieldInfo, string, []interface{}, *time.Location) (string, []interface{})
 	GenerateOperatorLeftCol(*fieldInfo, string, *string)
 	PrepareInsert(dbQuerier, *modelInfo) (stmtQuerier, string, error)
-	ReadValues(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, []string, interface{}, *time.Location) (int64, error)
-	RowsTo(dbQuerier, *querySet, *modelInfo, *Condition, interface{}, string, string, *time.Location) (int64, error)
 	MaxLimit() uint64
 	TableQuote() string
 	ReplaceMarks(*string)
@@ -559,4 +578,6 @@ type dbBaser interface {
 	IndexExists(dbQuerier, string, string) bool
 	collectFieldValue(*modelInfo, *fieldInfo, reflect.Value, bool, *time.Location) (interface{}, error)
 	setval(dbQuerier, *modelInfo, []string) error
+
+	GenerateSpecifyIndex(tableName string,useIndex int ,indexes []string) string
 }