diff --git a/context/output.go b/context/output.go
index c15f9fe7..564ef96d 100644
--- a/context/output.go
+++ b/context/output.go
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func (output *BeegoOutput) Cookie(name string, value string, others ...interface
 		switch {
 		case maxAge > 0:
 			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "; Expires=%s; Max-Age=%d", time.Now().Add(time.Duration(maxAge)*time.Second).UTC().Format(time.RFC1123), maxAge)
-		case maxAge <= 0:
+		case maxAge < 0:
 			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "; Max-Age=0")
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/orm/db.go b/orm/db.go
index 2a05797a..12f0f54d 100644
--- a/orm/db.go
+++ b/orm/db.go
@@ -833,7 +833,11 @@ func (d *dbBase) DeleteBatch(q dbQuerier, qs *querySet, mi *modelInfo, cond *Con
 		if err := rs.Scan(&ref); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
-		args = append(args, reflect.ValueOf(ref).Interface())
+		pkValue, err := d.convertValueFromDB(mi.fields.pk, reflect.ValueOf(ref).Interface(), tz)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		args = append(args, pkValue)
 		cnt++
 	}
 
diff --git a/orm/models_boot.go b/orm/models_boot.go
index 85d0917f..5327f754 100644
--- a/orm/models_boot.go
+++ b/orm/models_boot.go
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func registerModel(PrefixOrSuffix string, model interface{}, isPrefix bool) {
 		}
 
 		if mi.fields.pk == nil {
-			fmt.Printf("<orm.RegisterModel> `%s` need a primary key field, default use 'id' if not set\n", name)
+			fmt.Printf("<orm.RegisterModel> `%s` needs a primary key field, default is to use 'id' if not set\n", name)
 			os.Exit(2)
 		}
 
diff --git a/orm/orm.go b/orm/orm.go
index 5db79386..fcf82590 100644
--- a/orm/orm.go
+++ b/orm/orm.go
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func (o *orm) getMiInd(md interface{}, needPtr bool) (mi *modelInfo, ind reflect
 	if mi, ok := modelCache.getByFullName(name); ok {
 		return mi, ind
 	}
-	panic(fmt.Errorf("<Ormer> table: `%s` not found, maybe not RegisterModel", name))
+	panic(fmt.Errorf("<Ormer> table: `%s` not found, make sure it was registered with `RegisterModel()`", name))
 }
 
 // get field info from model info by given field name
diff --git a/orm/orm_raw.go b/orm/orm_raw.go
index 1e86212a..c8e741ea 100644
--- a/orm/orm_raw.go
+++ b/orm/orm_raw.go
@@ -493,19 +493,33 @@ func (o *rawSet) QueryRows(containers ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
 					}
 				}
 			} else {
-				for i := 0; i < ind.NumField(); i++ {
-					f := ind.Field(i)
-					fe := ind.Type().Field(i)
-					_, tags := parseStructTag(fe.Tag.Get(defaultStructTagName))
-					var col string
-					if col = tags["column"]; col == "" {
-						col = snakeString(fe.Name)
-					}
-					if v, ok := columnsMp[col]; ok {
-						value := reflect.ValueOf(v).Elem().Interface()
-						o.setFieldValue(f, value)
+				// define recursive function
+				var recursiveSetField func(rv reflect.Value)
+				recursiveSetField = func(rv reflect.Value) {
+					for i := 0; i < rv.NumField(); i++ {
+						f := rv.Field(i)
+						fe := rv.Type().Field(i)
+
+						// check if the field is a Struct
+						// recursive the Struct type
+						if fe.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
+							recursiveSetField(f)
+						}
+
+						_, tags := parseStructTag(fe.Tag.Get(defaultStructTagName))
+						var col string
+						if col = tags["column"]; col == "" {
+							col = snakeString(fe.Name)
+						}
+						if v, ok := columnsMp[col]; ok {
+							value := reflect.ValueOf(v).Elem().Interface()
+							o.setFieldValue(f, value)
+						}
 					}
 				}
+
+				// init call the recursive function
+				recursiveSetField(ind)
 			}
 
 			if eTyps[0].Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
diff --git a/orm/orm_test.go b/orm/orm_test.go
index c5bfa8b9..f1f2d85e 100644
--- a/orm/orm_test.go
+++ b/orm/orm_test.go
@@ -1661,6 +1661,13 @@ func TestRawQueryRow(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFail(t, AssertIs(pid, nil))
 }
 
+// user_profile table
+type userProfile struct {
+	User
+	Age   int
+	Money float64
+}
+
 func TestQueryRows(t *testing.T) {
 	Q := dDbBaser.TableQuote()
 
@@ -1731,6 +1738,19 @@ func TestQueryRows(t *testing.T) {
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(usernames[1], "astaxie"))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(ids[2], 4))
 	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(usernames[2], "nobody"))
+
+	//test query rows by nested struct
+	var l []userProfile
+	query = fmt.Sprintf("SELECT * FROM %suser_profile%s LEFT JOIN %suser%s ON %suser_profile%s.%sid%s = %suser%s.%sid%s", Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q)
+	num, err = dORM.Raw(query).QueryRows(&l)
+	throwFailNow(t, err)
+	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(num, 2))
+	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(len(l), 2))
+	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(l[0].UserName, "slene"))
+	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(l[0].Age, 28))
+	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(l[1].UserName, "astaxie"))
+	throwFailNow(t, AssertIs(l[1].Age, 30))
+
 }
 
 func TestRawValues(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/session/redis/sess_redis.go b/session/redis/sess_redis.go
index 20dbe030..d0424515 100644
--- a/session/redis/sess_redis.go
+++ b/session/redis/sess_redis.go
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func (rp *Provider) SessionRead(sid string) (session.Store, error) {
 	var kv map[interface{}]interface{}
 
 	kvs, err := redis.String(c.Do("GET", sid))
-	if err != redis.ErrNil {
+	if err != nil && err != redis.ErrNil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if len(kvs) == 0 {
diff --git a/swagger/swagger.go b/swagger/swagger.go
index c687fb8e..035d5a49 100644
--- a/swagger/swagger.go
+++ b/swagger/swagger.go
@@ -22,19 +22,19 @@ package swagger
 
 // Swagger list the resource
 type Swagger struct {
-	SwaggerVersion      string              `json:"swagger,omitempty" yaml:"swagger,omitempty"`
-	Infos               Information         `json:"info" yaml:"info"`
-	Host                string              `json:"host,omitempty" yaml:"host,omitempty"`
-	BasePath            string              `json:"basePath,omitempty" yaml:"basePath,omitempty"`
-	Schemes             []string            `json:"schemes,omitempty" yaml:"schemes,omitempty"`
-	Consumes            []string            `json:"consumes,omitempty" yaml:"consumes,omitempty"`
-	Produces            []string            `json:"produces,omitempty" yaml:"produces,omitempty"`
-	Paths               map[string]*Item    `json:"paths" yaml:"paths"`
-	Definitions         map[string]Schema   `json:"definitions,omitempty" yaml:"definitions,omitempty"`
-	SecurityDefinitions map[string]Security `json:"securityDefinitions,omitempty" yaml:"securityDefinitions,omitempty"`
-	Security            map[string][]string `json:"security,omitempty" yaml:"security,omitempty"`
-	Tags                []Tag               `json:"tags,omitempty" yaml:"tags,omitempty"`
-	ExternalDocs        *ExternalDocs       `json:"externalDocs,omitempty" yaml:"externalDocs,omitempty"`
+	SwaggerVersion      string                `json:"swagger,omitempty" yaml:"swagger,omitempty"`
+	Infos               Information           `json:"info" yaml:"info"`
+	Host                string                `json:"host,omitempty" yaml:"host,omitempty"`
+	BasePath            string                `json:"basePath,omitempty" yaml:"basePath,omitempty"`
+	Schemes             []string              `json:"schemes,omitempty" yaml:"schemes,omitempty"`
+	Consumes            []string              `json:"consumes,omitempty" yaml:"consumes,omitempty"`
+	Produces            []string              `json:"produces,omitempty" yaml:"produces,omitempty"`
+	Paths               map[string]*Item      `json:"paths" yaml:"paths"`
+	Definitions         map[string]Schema     `json:"definitions,omitempty" yaml:"definitions,omitempty"`
+	SecurityDefinitions map[string]Security   `json:"securityDefinitions,omitempty" yaml:"securityDefinitions,omitempty"`
+	Security            []map[string][]string `json:"security,omitempty" yaml:"security,omitempty"`
+	Tags                []Tag                 `json:"tags,omitempty" yaml:"tags,omitempty"`
+	ExternalDocs        *ExternalDocs         `json:"externalDocs,omitempty" yaml:"externalDocs,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // Information Provides metadata about the API. The metadata can be used by the clients if needed.
@@ -75,16 +75,17 @@ type Item struct {
 
 // Operation Describes a single API operation on a path.
 type Operation struct {
-	Tags        []string            `json:"tags,omitempty" yaml:"tags,omitempty"`
-	Summary     string              `json:"summary,omitempty" yaml:"summary,omitempty"`
-	Description string              `json:"description,omitempty" yaml:"description,omitempty"`
-	OperationID string              `json:"operationId,omitempty" yaml:"operationId,omitempty"`
-	Consumes    []string            `json:"consumes,omitempty" yaml:"consumes,omitempty"`
-	Produces    []string            `json:"produces,omitempty" yaml:"produces,omitempty"`
-	Schemes     []string            `json:"schemes,omitempty" yaml:"schemes,omitempty"`
-	Parameters  []Parameter         `json:"parameters,omitempty" yaml:"parameters,omitempty"`
-	Responses   map[string]Response `json:"responses,omitempty" yaml:"responses,omitempty"`
-	Deprecated  bool                `json:"deprecated,omitempty" yaml:"deprecated,omitempty"`
+	Tags        []string              `json:"tags,omitempty" yaml:"tags,omitempty"`
+	Summary     string                `json:"summary,omitempty" yaml:"summary,omitempty"`
+	Description string                `json:"description,omitempty" yaml:"description,omitempty"`
+	OperationID string                `json:"operationId,omitempty" yaml:"operationId,omitempty"`
+	Consumes    []string              `json:"consumes,omitempty" yaml:"consumes,omitempty"`
+	Produces    []string              `json:"produces,omitempty" yaml:"produces,omitempty"`
+	Schemes     []string              `json:"schemes,omitempty" yaml:"schemes,omitempty"`
+	Parameters  []Parameter           `json:"parameters,omitempty" yaml:"parameters,omitempty"`
+	Responses   map[string]Response   `json:"responses,omitempty" yaml:"responses,omitempty"`
+	Security    []map[string][]string `json:"security,omitempty" yaml:"security,omitempty"`
+	Deprecated  bool                  `json:"deprecated,omitempty" yaml:"deprecated,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // Parameter Describes a single operation parameter.
diff --git a/templatefunc.go b/templatefunc.go
index a6f9c961..2591c88e 100644
--- a/templatefunc.go
+++ b/templatefunc.go
@@ -53,21 +53,21 @@ func Substr(s string, start, length int) string {
 // HTML2str returns escaping text convert from html.
 func HTML2str(html string) string {
 
-	re, _ := regexp.Compile("\\<[\\S\\s]+?\\>")
+	re, _ := regexp.Compile(`\<[\S\s]+?\>`)
 	html = re.ReplaceAllStringFunc(html, strings.ToLower)
 
 	//remove STYLE
-	re, _ = regexp.Compile("\\<style[\\S\\s]+?\\</style\\>")
+	re, _ = regexp.Compile(`\<style[\S\s]+?\</style\>`)
 	html = re.ReplaceAllString(html, "")
 
 	//remove SCRIPT
-	re, _ = regexp.Compile("\\<script[\\S\\s]+?\\</script\\>")
+	re, _ = regexp.Compile(`\<script[\S\s]+?\</script\>`)
 	html = re.ReplaceAllString(html, "")
 
-	re, _ = regexp.Compile("\\<[\\S\\s]+?\\>")
+	re, _ = regexp.Compile(`\<[\S\s]+?\>`)
 	html = re.ReplaceAllString(html, "\n")
 
-	re, _ = regexp.Compile("\\s{2,}")
+	re, _ = regexp.Compile(`\s{2,}`)
 	html = re.ReplaceAllString(html, "\n")
 
 	return strings.TrimSpace(html)
diff --git a/validation/validation_test.go b/validation/validation_test.go
index 83e881bf..cb7a297e 100644
--- a/validation/validation_test.go
+++ b/validation/validation_test.go
@@ -175,10 +175,10 @@ func TestAlphaNumeric(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMatch(t *testing.T) {
 	valid := Validation{}
 
-	if valid.Match("suchuangji@gmail", regexp.MustCompile("^\\w+@\\w+\\.\\w+$"), "match").Ok {
+	if valid.Match("suchuangji@gmail", regexp.MustCompile(`^\w+@\w+\.\w+$`), "match").Ok {
 		t.Error("\"suchuangji@gmail\" match \"^\\w+@\\w+\\.\\w+$\"  should be false")
 	}
-	if !valid.Match("suchuangji@gmail.com", regexp.MustCompile("^\\w+@\\w+\\.\\w+$"), "match").Ok {
+	if !valid.Match("suchuangji@gmail.com", regexp.MustCompile(`^\w+@\w+\.\w+$`), "match").Ok {
 		t.Error("\"suchuangji@gmail\" match \"^\\w+@\\w+\\.\\w+$\"  should be true")
 	}
 }
@@ -186,10 +186,10 @@ func TestMatch(t *testing.T) {
 func TestNoMatch(t *testing.T) {
 	valid := Validation{}
 
-	if valid.NoMatch("123@gmail", regexp.MustCompile("[^\\w\\d]"), "nomatch").Ok {
+	if valid.NoMatch("123@gmail", regexp.MustCompile(`[^\w\d]`), "nomatch").Ok {
 		t.Error("\"123@gmail\" not match \"[^\\w\\d]\"  should be false")
 	}
-	if !valid.NoMatch("123gmail", regexp.MustCompile("[^\\w\\d]"), "match").Ok {
+	if !valid.NoMatch("123gmail", regexp.MustCompile(`[^\w\d]`), "match").Ok {
 		t.Error("\"123@gmail\" not match \"[^\\w\\d@]\"  should be true")
 	}
 }
diff --git a/validation/validators.go b/validation/validators.go
index 01aed443..2b5ae38b 100644
--- a/validation/validators.go
+++ b/validation/validators.go
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func (r Required) IsSatisfied(obj interface{}) bool {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default error message
 func (r Required) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Required"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Required"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the r.Key
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ func (a Alpha) IsSatisfied(obj interface{}) bool {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Length error message
 func (a Alpha) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Alpha"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Alpha"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the m.Key
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ func (n Numeric) IsSatisfied(obj interface{}) bool {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Length error message
 func (n Numeric) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Numeric"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Numeric"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the n.Key
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ func (a AlphaNumeric) IsSatisfied(obj interface{}) bool {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Length error message
 func (a AlphaNumeric) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["AlphaNumeric"])
+	return MessageTmpls["AlphaNumeric"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the a.Key
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ func (n NoMatch) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 	return n.Regexp.String()
 }
 
-var alphaDashPattern = regexp.MustCompile("[^\\d\\w-_]")
+var alphaDashPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`[^\d\w-_]`)
 
 // AlphaDash check not Alpha
 type AlphaDash struct {
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ type AlphaDash struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default AlphaDash error message
 func (a AlphaDash) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["AlphaDash"])
+	return MessageTmpls["AlphaDash"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the n.Key
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ func (a AlphaDash) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 	return nil
 }
 
-var emailPattern = regexp.MustCompile("^[\\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\\.[\\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[\\w](?:[\\w-]*[\\w])?\\.)+[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[\\w-]*[\\w])?$")
+var emailPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^[\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_` + "`" + `{|}~-]+(?:\.[\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_` + "`" + `{|}~-]+)*@(?:[\w](?:[\w-]*[\w])?\.)+[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[\w-]*[\w])?$`)
 
 // Email check struct
 type Email struct {
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ type Email struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Email error message
 func (e Email) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Email"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Email"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the n.Key
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ func (e Email) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 	return nil
 }
 
-var ipPattern = regexp.MustCompile("^((2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\\d\\d?)\\.){3}(2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\\d\\d?)$")
+var ipPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^((2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)$`)
 
 // IP check struct
 type IP struct {
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ type IP struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default IP error message
 func (i IP) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["IP"])
+	return MessageTmpls["IP"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the i.Key
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ func (i IP) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 	return nil
 }
 
-var base64Pattern = regexp.MustCompile("^(?:[A-Za-z0-99+/]{4})*(?:[A-Za-z0-9+/]{2}==|[A-Za-z0-9+/]{3}=)?$")
+var base64Pattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^(?:[A-Za-z0-99+/]{4})*(?:[A-Za-z0-9+/]{2}==|[A-Za-z0-9+/]{3}=)?$`)
 
 // Base64 check struct
 type Base64 struct {
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ type Base64 struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Base64 error message
 func (b Base64) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Base64"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Base64"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the b.Key
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ func (b Base64) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 }
 
 // just for chinese mobile phone number
-var mobilePattern = regexp.MustCompile("^((\\+86)|(86))?(1(([35][0-9])|[8][0-9]|[7][06789]|[4][579]))\\d{8}$")
+var mobilePattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^((\+86)|(86))?(1(([35][0-9])|[8][0-9]|[7][06789]|[4][579]))\d{8}$`)
 
 // Mobile check struct
 type Mobile struct {
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ type Mobile struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Mobile error message
 func (m Mobile) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Mobile"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Mobile"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the m.Key
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ func (m Mobile) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 }
 
 // just for chinese telephone number
-var telPattern = regexp.MustCompile("^(0\\d{2,3}(\\-)?)?\\d{7,8}$")
+var telPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^(0\d{2,3}(\-)?)?\d{7,8}$`)
 
 // Tel check telephone struct
 type Tel struct {
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ type Tel struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Tel error message
 func (t Tel) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Tel"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Tel"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the t.Key
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ func (p Phone) IsSatisfied(obj interface{}) bool {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Phone error message
 func (p Phone) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["Phone"])
+	return MessageTmpls["Phone"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the p.Key
@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ func (p Phone) GetLimitValue() interface{} {
 }
 
 // just for chinese zipcode
-var zipCodePattern = regexp.MustCompile("^[1-9]\\d{5}$")
+var zipCodePattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^[1-9]\d{5}$`)
 
 // ZipCode check the zip struct
 type ZipCode struct {
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ type ZipCode struct {
 
 // DefaultMessage return the default Zip error message
 func (z ZipCode) DefaultMessage() string {
-	return fmt.Sprint(MessageTmpls["ZipCode"])
+	return MessageTmpls["ZipCode"]
 }
 
 // GetKey return the z.Key