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657 lines
19 KiB
Go
657 lines
19 KiB
Go
// Unmarshal dynamic / arbitrary XML docs and extract values (using wildcards, if necessary).
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// Copyright 2012-2013 Charles Banning. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
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// license that can be found in the LICENSE file
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/*
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Unmarshal dynamic / arbitrary XML docs and extract values (using wildcards, if necessary).
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One useful function is:
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- Unmarshal(doc []byte, v interface{}) error
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where v is a pointer to a variable of type 'map[string]interface{}', 'string', or
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any other type supported by xml.Unmarshal().
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To retrieve a value for specific tag use:
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- DocValue(doc, path string, attrs ...string) (interface{},error)
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- MapValue(m map[string]interface{}, path string, attr map[string]interface{}, recast ...bool) (interface{}, error)
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The 'path' argument is a period-separated tag hierarchy - also known as dot-notation.
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It is the program's responsibility to cast the returned value to the proper type; possible
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types are the normal JSON unmarshaling types: string, float64, bool, []interface, map[string]interface{}.
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To retrieve all values associated with a tag occurring anywhere in the XML document use:
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- ValuesForTag(doc, tag string) ([]interface{}, error)
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- ValuesForKey(m map[string]interface{}, key string) []interface{}
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Demos: http://play.golang.org/p/m8zP-cpk0O
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http://play.golang.org/p/cIteTS1iSg
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http://play.golang.org/p/vd8pMiI21b
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Returned values should be one of map[string]interface, []interface{}, or string.
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All the values assocated with a tag-path that may include one or more wildcard characters -
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'*' - can also be retrieved using:
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- ValuesFromTagPath(doc, path string, getAttrs ...bool) ([]interface{}, error)
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- ValuesFromKeyPath(map[string]interface{}, path string, getAttrs ...bool) []interface{}
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Demos: http://play.golang.org/p/kUQnZ8VuhS
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http://play.golang.org/p/l1aMHYtz7G
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NOTE: care should be taken when using "*" at the end of a path - i.e., "books.book.*". See
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the x2jpath_test.go case on how the wildcard returns all key values and collapses list values;
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the same message structure can load a []interface{} or a map[string]interface{} (or an interface{})
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value for a tag.
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See the test cases in "x2jpath_test.go" and programs in "example" subdirectory for more.
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XML PARSING CONVENTIONS
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- Attributes are parsed to map[string]interface{} values by prefixing a hyphen, '-',
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to the attribute label.
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- If the element is a simple element and has attributes, the element value
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is given the key '#text' for its map[string]interface{} representation. (See
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the 'atomFeedString.xml' test data, below.)
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io.Reader HANDLING
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ToTree(), ToMap(), ToJson(), and ToJsonIndent() provide parsing of messages from an io.Reader.
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If you want to handle a message stream, look at XmlMsgsFromReader().
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NON-UTF8 CHARACTER SETS
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Use the X2jCharsetReader variable to assign io.Reader for alternative character sets.
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*/
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package x2j
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import (
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"bytes"
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"encoding/json"
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"encoding/xml"
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"errors"
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"fmt"
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"io"
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"regexp"
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"strconv"
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"strings"
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)
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// If X2jCharsetReader != nil, it will be used to decode the doc or stream if required
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// import charset "code.google.com/p/go-charset/charset"
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// ...
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// x2j.X2jCharsetReader = charset.NewReader
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// s, err := x2j.DocToJson(doc)
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var X2jCharsetReader func(charset string, input io.Reader)(io.Reader, error)
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type Node struct {
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dup bool // is member of a list
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attr bool // is an attribute
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key string // XML tag
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val string // element value
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nodes []*Node
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}
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// DocToJson - return an XML doc as a JSON string.
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// If the optional argument 'recast' is 'true', then values will be converted to boolean or float64 if possible.
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func DocToJson(doc string, recast ...bool) (string, error) {
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var r bool
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if len(recast) == 1 {
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r = recast[0]
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}
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m, merr := DocToMap(doc, r)
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if m == nil || merr != nil {
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return "", merr
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}
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b, berr := json.Marshal(m)
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if berr != nil {
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return "", berr
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}
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// NOTE: don't have to worry about safe JSON marshaling with json.Marshal, since '<' and '>" are reservedin XML.
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return string(b), nil
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}
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// DocToJsonIndent - return an XML doc as a prettified JSON string.
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// If the optional argument 'recast' is 'true', then values will be converted to boolean or float64 if possible.
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// Note: recasting is only applied to element values, not attribute values.
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func DocToJsonIndent(doc string, recast ...bool) (string, error) {
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var r bool
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if len(recast) == 1 {
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r = recast[0]
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}
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m, merr := DocToMap(doc, r)
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if m == nil || merr != nil {
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return "", merr
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}
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b, berr := json.MarshalIndent(m, "", " ")
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if berr != nil {
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return "", berr
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}
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// NOTE: don't have to worry about safe JSON marshaling with json.Marshal, since '<' and '>" are reservedin XML.
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return string(b), nil
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}
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// DocToMap - convert an XML doc into a map[string]interface{}.
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// (This is analogous to unmarshalling a JSON string to map[string]interface{} using json.Unmarshal().)
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// If the optional argument 'recast' is 'true', then values will be converted to boolean or float64 if possible.
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// Note: recasting is only applied to element values, not attribute values.
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func DocToMap(doc string, recast ...bool) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
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var r bool
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if len(recast) == 1 {
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r = recast[0]
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}
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n, err := DocToTree(doc)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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m := make(map[string]interface{})
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m[n.key] = n.treeToMap(r)
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return m, nil
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}
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// DocToTree - convert an XML doc into a tree of nodes.
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func DocToTree(doc string) (*Node, error) {
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// xml.Decoder doesn't properly handle whitespace in some doc
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// see songTextString.xml test case ...
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reg, _ := regexp.Compile("[ \t\n\r]*<")
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doc = reg.ReplaceAllString(doc, "<")
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b := bytes.NewBufferString(doc)
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p := xml.NewDecoder(b)
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p.CharsetReader = X2jCharsetReader
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n, berr := xmlToTree("", nil, p)
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if berr != nil {
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return nil, berr
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}
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return n, nil
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}
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// (*Node)WriteTree - convert a tree of nodes into a printable string.
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// 'padding' is the starting indentation; typically: n.WriteTree().
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func (n *Node) WriteTree(padding ...int) string {
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var indent int
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if len(padding) == 1 {
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indent = padding[0]
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}
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var s string
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if n.val != "" {
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for i := 0; i < indent; i++ {
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s += " "
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}
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s += n.key + " : " + n.val + "\n"
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} else {
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for i := 0; i < indent; i++ {
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s += " "
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}
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s += n.key + " :" + "\n"
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for _, nn := range n.nodes {
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s += nn.WriteTree(indent + 1)
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}
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}
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return s
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}
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// xmlToTree - load a 'clean' XML doc into a tree of *Node.
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func xmlToTree(skey string, a []xml.Attr, p *xml.Decoder) (*Node, error) {
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n := new(Node)
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n.nodes = make([]*Node, 0)
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if skey != "" {
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n.key = skey
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if len(a) > 0 {
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for _, v := range a {
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na := new(Node)
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na.attr = true
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na.key = `-` + v.Name.Local
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na.val = v.Value
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n.nodes = append(n.nodes, na)
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}
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}
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}
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for {
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t, err := p.Token()
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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switch t.(type) {
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case xml.StartElement:
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tt := t.(xml.StartElement)
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// handle root
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if n.key == "" {
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n.key = tt.Name.Local
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if len(tt.Attr) > 0 {
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for _, v := range tt.Attr {
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na := new(Node)
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na.attr = true
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na.key = `-` + v.Name.Local
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na.val = v.Value
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n.nodes = append(n.nodes, na)
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}
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}
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} else {
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nn, nnerr := xmlToTree(tt.Name.Local, tt.Attr, p)
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if nnerr != nil {
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return nil, nnerr
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}
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n.nodes = append(n.nodes, nn)
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}
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case xml.EndElement:
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// scan n.nodes for duplicate n.key values
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n.markDuplicateKeys()
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return n, nil
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case xml.CharData:
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tt := string(t.(xml.CharData))
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if len(n.nodes) > 0 {
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nn := new(Node)
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nn.key = "#text"
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nn.val = tt
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n.nodes = append(n.nodes, nn)
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} else {
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n.val = tt
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}
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default:
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// noop
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}
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}
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// Logically we can't get here, but provide an error message anyway.
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return nil, errors.New("Unknown parse error in xmlToTree() for: " + n.key)
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}
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// (*Node)markDuplicateKeys - set node.dup flag for loading map[string]interface{}.
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func (n *Node) markDuplicateKeys() {
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l := len(n.nodes)
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for i := 0; i < l; i++ {
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if n.nodes[i].dup {
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continue
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}
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for j := i + 1; j < l; j++ {
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if n.nodes[i].key == n.nodes[j].key {
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n.nodes[i].dup = true
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n.nodes[j].dup = true
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}
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}
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}
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}
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// (*Node)treeToMap - convert a tree of nodes into a map[string]interface{}.
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// (Parses to map that is structurally the same as from json.Unmarshal().)
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// Note: root is not instantiated; call with: "m[n.key] = n.treeToMap(recast)".
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func (n *Node) treeToMap(r bool) interface{} {
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if len(n.nodes) == 0 {
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return recast(n.val, r)
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}
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m := make(map[string]interface{}, 0)
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for _, v := range n.nodes {
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// just a value
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if !v.dup && len(v.nodes) == 0 {
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m[v.key] = recast(v.val, r)
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continue
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}
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// a list of values
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if v.dup {
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var a []interface{}
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if vv, ok := m[v.key]; ok {
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a = vv.([]interface{})
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} else {
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a = make([]interface{}, 0)
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}
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a = append(a, v.treeToMap(r))
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m[v.key] = interface{}(a)
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continue
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}
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// it's a unique key
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m[v.key] = v.treeToMap(r)
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}
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return interface{}(m)
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}
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// recast - try to cast string values to bool or float64
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func recast(s string, r bool) interface{} {
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if r {
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// handle numeric strings ahead of boolean
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if f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64); err == nil {
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return interface{}(f)
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}
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// ParseBool treats "1"==true & "0"==false
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if b, err := strconv.ParseBool(s); err == nil {
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return interface{}(b)
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}
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}
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return interface{}(s)
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}
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// WriteMap - dumps the map[string]interface{} for examination.
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// 'offset' is initial indentation count; typically: WriteMap(m).
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// NOTE: with XML all element types are 'string'.
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// But code written as generic for use with maps[string]interface{} values from json.Unmarshal().
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// Or it can handle a DocToMap(doc,true) result where values have been recast'd.
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func WriteMap(m interface{}, offset ...int) string {
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var indent int
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if len(offset) == 1 {
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indent = offset[0]
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}
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var s string
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switch m.(type) {
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case nil:
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return "[nil] nil"
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case string:
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return "[string] " + m.(string)
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case float64:
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return "[float64] " + strconv.FormatFloat(m.(float64), 'e', 2, 64)
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case bool:
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return "[bool] " + strconv.FormatBool(m.(bool))
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case []interface{}:
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s += "[[]interface{}]"
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for i, v := range m.([]interface{}) {
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s += "\n"
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for i := 0; i < indent; i++ {
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s += " "
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}
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s += "[item: " + strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10) + "]"
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switch v.(type) {
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case string, float64, bool:
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s += "\n"
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default:
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// noop
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}
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for i := 0; i < indent; i++ {
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s += " "
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}
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s += WriteMap(v, indent+1)
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}
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case map[string]interface{}:
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for k, v := range m.(map[string]interface{}) {
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s += "\n"
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for i := 0; i < indent; i++ {
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s += " "
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}
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// s += "[map[string]interface{}] "+k+" :"+WriteMap(v,indent+1)
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s += k + " :" + WriteMap(v, indent+1)
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}
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default:
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// shouldn't ever be here ...
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s += fmt.Sprintf("unknown type for: %v", m)
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}
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return s
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}
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// ------------------------ value extraction from XML doc --------------------------
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// DocValue - return a value for a specific tag
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// 'doc' is a valid XML message.
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// 'path' is a hierarchy of XML tags, e.g., "doc.name".
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// 'attrs' is an OPTIONAL list of "name:value" pairs for attributes.
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// Note: 'recast' is not enabled here. Use DocToMap(), NewAttributeMap(), and MapValue() calls for that.
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func DocValue(doc, path string, attrs ...string) (interface{}, error) {
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n, err := DocToTree(doc)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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m := make(map[string]interface{})
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m[n.key] = n.treeToMap(false)
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a, aerr := NewAttributeMap(attrs...)
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if aerr != nil {
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return nil, aerr
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}
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v, verr := MapValue(m, path, a)
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if verr != nil {
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return nil, verr
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}
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return v, nil
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}
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// MapValue - retrieves value based on walking the map, 'm'.
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// 'm' is the map value of interest.
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// 'path' is a period-separated hierarchy of keys in the map.
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// 'attr' is a map of attribute "name:value" pairs from NewAttributeMap(). May be 'nil'.
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// If the path can't be traversed, an error is returned.
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// Note: the optional argument 'r' can be used to coerce attribute values, 'attr', if done so for 'm'.
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func MapValue(m map[string]interface{}, path string, attr map[string]interface{}, r ...bool) (interface{}, error) {
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// attribute values may have been recasted during map construction; default is 'false'.
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if len(r) == 1 && r[0] == true {
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for k, v := range attr {
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attr[k] = recast(v.(string), true)
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}
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}
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// parse the path
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keys := strings.Split(path, ".")
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// initialize return value to 'm' so a path of "" will work correctly
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var v interface{} = m
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var ok bool
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var okey string
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var isMap bool = true
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if keys[0] == "" && len(attr) == 0 {
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return v, nil
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}
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for _, key := range keys {
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if !isMap {
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return nil, errors.New("no keys beyond: " + okey)
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}
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if v, ok = m[key]; !ok {
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return nil, errors.New("no key in map: " + key)
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} else {
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switch v.(type) {
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case map[string]interface{}:
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m = v.(map[string]interface{})
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isMap = true
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default:
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isMap = false
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}
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}
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// save 'key' for error reporting
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okey = key
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}
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// match attributes; value is "#text" or nil
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if attr == nil {
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return v, nil
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}
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return hasAttributes(v, attr)
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}
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// hasAttributes() - interface{} equality works for string, float64, bool
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func hasAttributes(v interface{}, a map[string]interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
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switch v.(type) {
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case []interface{}:
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// run through all entries looking one with matching attributes
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for _, vv := range v.([]interface{}) {
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if vvv, vvverr := hasAttributes(vv, a); vvverr == nil {
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return vvv, nil
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}
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}
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return nil, errors.New("no list member with matching attributes")
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case map[string]interface{}:
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// do all attribute name:value pairs match?
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nv := v.(map[string]interface{})
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for key, val := range a {
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if vv, ok := nv[key]; !ok {
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return nil, errors.New("no attribute with name: " + key[1:])
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} else if val != vv {
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return nil, errors.New("no attribute key:value pair: " + fmt.Sprintf("%s:%v", key[1:], val))
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}
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}
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// they all match; so return value associated with "#text" key.
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if vv, ok := nv["#text"]; ok {
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return vv, nil
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} else {
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// this happens when another element is value of tag rather than just a string value
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return nv, nil
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}
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}
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return nil, errors.New("no match for attributes")
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}
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// NewAttributeMap() - generate map of attributes=value entries as map["-"+string]string.
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// 'kv' arguments are "name:value" pairs that appear as attributes, name="value".
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// If len(kv) == 0, the return is (nil, nil).
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func NewAttributeMap(kv ...string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
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if len(kv) == 0 {
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return nil, nil
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}
|
|
m := make(map[string]interface{}, 0)
|
|
for _, v := range kv {
|
|
vv := strings.Split(v, ":")
|
|
if len(vv) != 2 {
|
|
return nil, errors.New("attribute not \"name:value\" pair: " + v)
|
|
}
|
|
// attributes are stored as keys prepended with hyphen
|
|
m["-"+vv[0]] = interface{}(vv[1])
|
|
}
|
|
return m, nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//------------------------- get values for key ----------------------------
|
|
|
|
// ValuesForTag - return all values in doc associated with 'tag'.
|
|
// Returns nil if the 'tag' does not occur in the doc.
|
|
// If there is an error encounted while parsing doc, that is returned.
|
|
// If you want values 'recast' use DocToMap() and ValuesForKey().
|
|
func ValuesForTag(doc, tag string) ([]interface{}, error) {
|
|
m, err := DocToMap(doc)
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return ValuesForKey(m, tag), nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// ValuesForKey - return all values in map associated with 'key'
|
|
// Returns nil if the 'key' does not occur in the map
|
|
func ValuesForKey(m map[string]interface{}, key string) []interface{} {
|
|
ret := make([]interface{}, 0)
|
|
|
|
hasKey(m, key, &ret)
|
|
if len(ret) > 0 {
|
|
return ret
|
|
}
|
|
return nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// hasKey - if the map 'key' exists append it to array
|
|
// if it doesn't do nothing except scan array and map values
|
|
func hasKey(iv interface{}, key string, ret *[]interface{}) {
|
|
switch iv.(type) {
|
|
case map[string]interface{}:
|
|
vv := iv.(map[string]interface{})
|
|
if v, ok := vv[key]; ok {
|
|
*ret = append(*ret, v)
|
|
}
|
|
for _, v := range iv.(map[string]interface{}) {
|
|
hasKey(v, key, ret)
|
|
}
|
|
case []interface{}:
|
|
for _, v := range iv.([]interface{}) {
|
|
hasKey(v, key, ret)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// ======== 2013.07.01 - x2j.Unmarshal, wraps xml.Unmarshal ==============
|
|
|
|
// Unmarshal - wraps xml.Unmarshal with handling of map[string]interface{}
|
|
// and string type variables.
|
|
// Usage: x2j.Unmarshal(doc,&m) where m of type map[string]interface{}
|
|
// x2j.Unmarshal(doc,&s) where s of type string (Overrides xml.Unmarshal().)
|
|
// x2j.Unmarshal(doc,&struct) - passed to xml.Unmarshal()
|
|
// x2j.Unmarshal(doc,&slice) - passed to xml.Unmarshal()
|
|
func Unmarshal(doc []byte, v interface{}) error {
|
|
switch v.(type) {
|
|
case *map[string]interface{}:
|
|
m, err := ByteDocToMap(doc)
|
|
vv := *v.(*map[string]interface{})
|
|
for k, v := range m {
|
|
vv[k] = v
|
|
}
|
|
return err
|
|
case *string:
|
|
s, err := ByteDocToJson(doc)
|
|
*(v.(*string)) = s
|
|
return err
|
|
default:
|
|
b := bytes.NewBuffer(doc)
|
|
p := xml.NewDecoder(b)
|
|
p.CharsetReader = X2jCharsetReader
|
|
return p.Decode(v)
|
|
// return xml.Unmarshal(doc, v)
|
|
}
|
|
return nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// ByteDocToJson - return an XML doc as a JSON string.
|
|
// If the optional argument 'recast' is 'true', then values will be converted to boolean or float64 if possible.
|
|
func ByteDocToJson(doc []byte, recast ...bool) (string, error) {
|
|
var r bool
|
|
if len(recast) == 1 {
|
|
r = recast[0]
|
|
}
|
|
m, merr := ByteDocToMap(doc, r)
|
|
if m == nil || merr != nil {
|
|
return "", merr
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
b, berr := json.Marshal(m)
|
|
if berr != nil {
|
|
return "", berr
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// NOTE: don't have to worry about safe JSON marshaling with json.Marshal, since '<' and '>" are reservedin XML.
|
|
return string(b), nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// ByteDocToMap - convert an XML doc into a map[string]interface{}.
|
|
// (This is analogous to unmarshalling a JSON string to map[string]interface{} using json.Unmarshal().)
|
|
// If the optional argument 'recast' is 'true', then values will be converted to boolean or float64 if possible.
|
|
// Note: recasting is only applied to element values, not attribute values.
|
|
func ByteDocToMap(doc []byte, recast ...bool) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
|
|
var r bool
|
|
if len(recast) == 1 {
|
|
r = recast[0]
|
|
}
|
|
n, err := ByteDocToTree(doc)
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
return nil, err
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
m := make(map[string]interface{})
|
|
m[n.key] = n.treeToMap(r)
|
|
|
|
return m, nil
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// ByteDocToTree - convert an XML doc into a tree of nodes.
|
|
func ByteDocToTree(doc []byte) (*Node, error) {
|
|
// xml.Decoder doesn't properly handle whitespace in some doc
|
|
// see songTextString.xml test case ...
|
|
reg, _ := regexp.Compile("[ \t\n\r]*<")
|
|
doc = reg.ReplaceAll(doc, []byte("<"))
|
|
|
|
b := bytes.NewBuffer(doc)
|
|
p := xml.NewDecoder(b)
|
|
p.CharsetReader = X2jCharsetReader
|
|
n, berr := xmlToTree("", nil, p)
|
|
if berr != nil {
|
|
return nil, berr
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return n, nil
|
|
}
|
|
|